effexor or pristiq
However, there is a dose effexor or pristiq for blood pressure increase.
Laboratory Changes
Of the serum chemistry and hematology parameters monitored during clinical trials with Effexor, a statistically significant difference with placebo was seen only for serum cholesterol. Risk factors for the development of SSRI- associated hyponatremia including advanced age, female gender, concomitant use of diuretics, low body weight, and lower baseline serum sodium levels have been identified. If the COSTART term for an event was so general as to be uninformative, it was replaced with a more informative term. Although these effexor or pristiq occurred during treatment effexor or pristiq venlafaxine, causality has not been determined.
Musculoskeletal
Musculoskeletal side effects have included rhabdomyolysis.
Musculoskeletal side effects reported in premarketing Phase 3 trials have included arthralgia, arthritis, arthrosis, bone spurs, bursitis, leg cramps, myasthenia, tenosynovitis, bone pain, pathological fracture, muscle cramp, muscle spasms, musculoskeletal stiffness, myopathy, osteoporosis, osteosclerosis, plantar fasciitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and tendon rupture. In premarketing trials, treatment with Effexor tablets was associated with a mean final on-therapy increase in total cholesterol effexor or pristiq 3 mg/dL.
Patients treated with Effexor tablets for at least 3 months in placebo-controlled 12-month extension trials had a mean final on-therapy increase in total cholesterol of 9.1 mg/dL compared with a decrease of 7.1 mg/dL among placebo-treated patients. Although these events occurred during treatment with venlafaxine, causality has not been determined. Following discontinuation of venlafaxine, symptoms resolved within approximately 72 hours. Although these events occurred during treatment with venlafaxine, causality has not been determined.
Psychiatric
Psychiatric side effects have included visual hallucinations, hypomania, and mania.
Psychiatric side effects reported in premarketing Phase 3 trials have included emotional lability, delusions, euphoria, hallucinations, manic reaction, psychosis, suicidal ideation, abnormal/changed behavior, homicidal ideation, paranoid reaction, and psychotic depression. This increase was duration dependent over the study period and tended to be greater with higher doses. Tests for potential dose relationships effexor or pristiq these events (Cochran-Armitage Test, with a criterion of exact 2-sided p-value ≤ 0.05) suggested a dose-dependency for several adverse events in this list, including chills, hypertension, anorexia, nausea, agitation, dizziness, somnolence, tremor, yawning, sweating, and abnormal ejaculation.
TABLE 3 Treatment-Emergent Adverse Experience Incidence in a Dose Comparison Trial
Effexor (mg/day)
Body System/ Preferred Term
Placebo (n=92)
75 (n=89)
225 (n=89)
375 (n=88)
Body as a Whole
Abdominal pain
3.3%
3.4%
2.2%
8.0%
Asthenia
3.3%
16.9%
14.6%
14.8%
Chills
1.1%
2.2%
5.6%
6.8%
Infection
2.2%
2.2%
5.6%
2.3%
Cardiovascular System
Hypertension
1.1%
1.1%
2.2%
4.5%
Vasodilatation
0.0%
4.5%
5.6%
2.3%
Digestive System
Anorexia
2.2%
14.6%
13.5%
17.0%
Dyspepsia
2.2%
6.7%
6.7%
4.5%
Nausea
14.1%
32.6%
38.2%
58.0%
Vomiting
1.1%
7.9%
3.4%
6.8%
Nervous System
Agitation
0.0%
1.1%
2.2%
4.5%
Anxiety
4.3%
11.2%
4.5%
2.3%
Dizziness
4.3%
19.1%
22.5%
23.9%
Insomnia
9.8%
22.5%
20.2%
13.6%
Libido decreased
1.1%
2.2%
1.1%
5.7%
Nervousness
4.3%
21.3%
13.5%
12.5%
Somnolence
4.3%
16.9%
18.0%
26.1%
Tremor
0.0%
1.1%
2.2%
10.2%
Respiratory System
Yawn
0.0%
4.5%
5.6%
8.0%
Skin and Appendages
Sweating
5.4%
6.7%
12.4%
19.3%
Special Senses
Abnormality of accommodation
0.0%
9.1%
7.9%
5.6%
Urogenital System
Abnormal ejaculation/orgasm
0.0%
4.5%
2.2%
12.5%
Impotence
0.0%
5.8%
2.1%
3.6%
(Number of men)
(n=63)
(n=52)
(n=48)
(n=56)
Adaptation to Certain Adverse Events
Over a 6-week period, there was evidence of adaptation to some adverse events with continued therapy (eg, dizziness and nausea), but less to other effects (eg, abnormal ejaculation and dry mouth).
Vital Sign Changes
Effexor (venlafaxine hydrochloride) treatment (averaged over all dose groups) in clinical trials was associated with a mean increase in pulse rate of approximately 3 beats per minute, compared to no change for placebo. Symptoms resolved following discontinuation of therapy.
Genitourinary side effects have frequently included male and female sexual dysfunction such as abnormal ejaculation in up to 16% of male patients, decreased libido (13%), impotence (13%), and organic dysfunction (anorgasmia or abnormal orgasm) in up to 8% of female patients.
Genitourinary side effects reported in premarketing Phase 3 trials have included prostatic disorder (prostatitis, enlarged prostate, and prostate irritability), impaired urination, albuminuria, amenorrhea, cystitis, dysuria, hematuria, leukorrhea, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, nocturia, breast pain, polyuria, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, urinary urgency, vaginal hemorrhage, vaginitis, abortion, anuria, breast discharge, breast engorgement, balanitis, breast enlargement, endometriosis, female lactation, fibrocystic breast, calcium crystalluria, cervicitis, orchitis, ovarian cyst, bladder pain, prolonged erection, gynecomastia (male), hypomenorrhea, mastitis, menopause, oliguria, salpingitis, urolithiasis, uterine hemorrhage, uterine spasm, and vaginal dryness. Although these events occurred during treatment with venlafaxine, causality has not been determined.
There have been postmarketing reports of angioedema.
Genitourinary
One case of unexpected orgasm and subsequent ejaculation with no erection as well as orgasmic episodes with no ejaculation or erection effexor or pristiq also been reported. A case of increased libido and spontaneous erections has also been reported.
Although rare, several cases of venlafaxine- induced urinary symptoms including nocturia, enuresis, increased urge/frequency, and incontinence have been reported. This increase was duration dependent over the study period and tended to be greater with higher doses. Symptoms resolved following treatment with IV steroids and antidepressant therapy was safely switched to paroxetine. The rule for including events was to enumerate those that occurred at an incidence of 5% or more for at least one of the venlafaxine groups and effexor or pristiq which the incidence was at least twice the placebo incidence for at least one Effexor group. Untoward events associated with this exposure were recorded by clinical investigators using terminology of their own choosing. In a flexible-dose study, with doses in the range of 200 to 375 mg/day and mean dose greater than 300 mg/day, the mean change in heart rate was 8.5 beats per minute compared with 1.7 beats per minute for placebo.
Other effexor or pristiq Observed During the Premarketing Evaluation of Venlafaxine
During its premarketing assessment, effexor or pristiq doses of Effexor were administered to 2897 patients in Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies. It is important to emphasize that, although the events reported occurred during treatment with venlafaxine, they were not necessarily caused by it.
Events are further categorized by body system and listed in order of decreasing frequency using the following definitions: frequent adverse events are defined as those occurring on one or more occasions in at least 1/100 patients; infrequent adverse events are those occurring in 1/100 to 1/1000 patients; rare events are those occurring in fewer than 1/1000 patients.
Body as a whole—Frequent: accidental injury, chest effexor or pristiq substernal, neck pain; Infrequent: face edema, intentional injury, malaise, moniliasis, neck rigidity, pelvic pain, photosensitivity reaction, suicide attempt, withdrawal syndrome; Rare: appendicitis, bacteremia, carcinoma, cellulitis.
Cardiovascular system—Frequent: migraine; Infrequent: angina pectoris, arrhythmia, extrasystoles, hypotension, peripheral vascular disorder (mainly cold feet and/or cold hands), syncope, thrombophlebitis; Rare: aortic aneurysm, arteritis, first-degree atrioventricular block, bigeminy, bradycardia, bundle branch block, effexor or pristiq fragility, cardiovascular disorder (mitral valve and circulatory disturbance), cerebral ischemia, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, heart arrest, mucocutaneous hemorrhage, myocardial infarct, pallor.
Digestive system—Frequent: eructation; Infrequent: bruxism, colitis, dysphagia, tongue edema, esophagitis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal ulcer, gingivitis, glossitis, rectal hemorrhage, hemorrhoids, melena, oral moniliasis, stomatitis, mouth ulceration; Rare: cheilitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, duodenitis, esophageal spasm, hematemesis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gum hemorrhage, hepatitis, ileitis, jaundice, intestinal obstruction, parotitis, periodontitis, proctitis, increased salivation, soft stools, tongue discoloration.
Endocrine system—Rare: goiter, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid nodule, thyroiditis.
Hemic and lymphatic system—Frequent: ecchymosis; Infrequent: anemia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, thrombocythemia, thrombocytopenia; Rare: basophilia, bleeding time increased, cyanosis, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, multiple myeloma, purpura.
Metabolic and nutritional—Frequent: edema, weight gain; Infrequent: alkaline phosphatase increased, dehydration, hypercholesteremia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, hypokalemia, SGOT (AST) increased, SGPT (ALT) increased, thirst; Rare: alcohol intolerance, bilirubinemia, BUN increased, creatinine increased, diabetes mellitus, glycosuria, gout, healing abnormal, hemochromatosis, hypercalcinuria, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, hypocholesteremia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, hypoproteinemia, uremia.
Musculoskeletal system—Infrequent: arthritis, arthrosis, bone pain, bone spurs, bursitis, leg cramps, myasthenia, tenosynovitis; Rare: pathological fracture, myopathy, osteoporosis, osteosclerosis, plantar fasciitis, rheumatoid arthritis, tendon rupture.
Nervous system—Frequent: trismus, vertigo; Infrequent: akathisia, apathy, ataxia, circumoral paresthesia, CNS stimulation, emotional lability, euphoria, hallucinations, hostility, hyperesthesia, hyperkinesia, hypotonia, incoordination, libido increased, manic reaction, myoclonus, effexor or pristiq neuropathy, psychosis, seizure, abnormal speech, stupor; Rare: akinesia, alcohol abuse, aphasia, bradykinesia, buccoglossal syndrome, cerebrovascular accident, loss of consciousness, delusions, dementia, dystonia, facial paralysis, feeling drunk, abnormal gait, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, hyperchlorhydria, hypokinesia, impulse control difficulties, neuritis, nystagmus, paranoid reaction, paresis, psychotic depression, reflexes decreased, reflexes increased, suicidal ideation, torticollis.
Respiratory system—Frequent: bronchitis, dyspnea; Infrequent: asthma, chest congestion, epistaxis, hyperventilation, laryngismus, laryngitis, pneumonia, voice alteration; Rare: atelectasis, hemoptysis, hypoventilation, hypoxia, larynx edema, pleurisy, pulmonary embolus, sleep apnea.
Skin and appendages—Infrequent: acne, alopecia, brittle nails, contact dermatitis, dry skin, eczema, skin hypertrophy, maculopapular rash, psoriasis, urticaria; Rare: erythema nodosum, exfoliative dermatitis, lichenoid dermatitis, hair discoloration, skin discoloration, furunculosis, hirsutism, leukoderma, petechial rash, pustular rash, vesiculobullous rash, seborrhea, skin atrophy, skin striae.
Special senses—Frequent: abnormality of accommodation, abnormal vision; Infrequent: cataract, conjunctivitis, corneal lesion, diplopia, dry eyes, eye pain, hyperacusis, otitis media, parosmia, photophobia, taste loss, visual field defect; Rare: blepharitis, chromatopsia, conjunctival edema, deafness, exophthalmos, glaucoma, retinal hemorrhage, subconjunctival hemorrhage, keratitis, labyrinthitis, miosis, papilledema, decreased pupillary reflex, otitis externa, scleritis, uveitis.
Urogenital system—Frequent: metrorrhagia*, prostatic disorder (prostatitis and enlarged prostate)*, vaginitis*; Infrequent: albuminuria, amenorrhea*, cystitis, dysuria, hematuria, effexor or pristiq menorrhagia*, nocturia, bladder effexor or pristiq breast pain, polyuria, pyuria, urinary incontinence, urinary urgency, vaginal hemorrhage*; Rare: abortion*, anuria, balanitis*, breast discharge, breast engorgement, breast enlargement, endometriosis*, fibrocystic breast, calcium crystalluria, effexor or pristiq ovarian cyst*, prolonged erection*, gynecomastia (male)*, hypomenorrhea*, kidney calculus, kidney pain, kidney function abnormal, female lactation*, mastitis, menopause*, oliguria, orchitis*, pyelonephritis, salpingitis*, urolithiasis, uterine hemorrhage*, uterine spasm*, vaginal dryness*.
* Based on the number of men and women as appropriate.
Postmarketing Reports
Voluntary reports of other adverse events temporally associated with the use of venlafaxine that have been received since market introduction and that may have no causal relationship with the use of venlafaxine include the following: agranulocytosis, anaphylaxis, angioedema, aplastic anemia, catatonia, congenital anomalies, impaired coordination and balance, CPK increased, deep vein thrombophlebitis, delirium, EKG abnormalities such as QT prolongation; cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular extrasystole, and rare reports of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia, including torsade de pointes; toxic epidermal necrolysis/Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, erythema multiforme, extrapyramidal symptoms (including dyskinesia and tardive dyskinesia), angle-closure glaucoma, hemorrhage (including eye and gastrointestinal bleeding), hepatic events (including GGT elevation; abnormalities of unspecified liver function tests; liver damage, necrosis, or failure; and fatty liver), interstitial lung disease, involuntary movements, LDH increased, neutropenia, night sweats, pancreatitis, pancytopenia, panic, prolactin increased, renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, shock-like electrical sensations or tinnitus (in some cases, subsequent to the discontinuation of venlafaxine or tapering of dose), and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (usually in the elderly).
There have been reports of elevated clozapine levels that were temporally associated with adverse events, including seizures, following the addition of effexor or pristiq
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